Drama Essay Example Symbolism in Tender Offer

Drama: Symbolism in Tender Offer Wendy Wasserstein’s comedy Tender Offer provides a good example of how symbolism can work in a play. The one act play is about the cultural decay of the modern world where there is no meaning for any of the human values and the use of symbols provides the playwright with one of the most effective tools. â€Å"Symbolism is the systematic use of recurrent symbols or images in a work to create an added level of meaning.† (A Literary Lexicon). This literary device suggests another meaning beyond the literal meaning of an object or action. The recurrent use of an object, sign, or image stands for some meaning that is beyond the surface meaning of the image. The play that tells about the relationship between a father and a daughter touches many of the modern themes. The most obvious characteristic feature of the play is its use of extra ordinary symbols that relate to the main theme of the play. Thus, we find a number of symbols such as ‘tender offer,’ ‘leg warmers,’ ‘a bad itch,’ ‘Tiger,’ and many such. In the confines of short, one act play, the author, with the use of symbols, is successful in dealing with themes of great significance. Tender Offer is primarily a play of father-daughter relationship. Here, we find the relationship between Paul and Lisa and the delicate matters in their relation. One of the most obvious symbols in the play is that of ‘tender offer.’ â€Å"PAUL: I’ll make you a tender offer. That’s when a company publishes in the newspaper that they want to buy another company. And the company that publishes is called the Black Knight because they want to gobble up the poor little company. So the poor little company needs to be rescued. And then a White Knight comes along and makes a bigger and better offer so the shareholders won’t have to tender shares to the Big Black Knight.† (Wendy Wasserstein: Reading Tender Offer). The father wants to make a tender offer to his daughter and he wants not to own her but wants the daughter to come out of the chains of that haunts her like a Big Black Knight. The powerful symbolism used here shows how effective the author is in the use of symbols for his purpose. Another example of the great effect created by symbolism is the use of ‘leg warmers.’ It is a symbol that stands for something beyond the ordinary and the apparent. Lisa says that she â€Å"can’t go home till I find my leg warmers.† (Wendy Wasserstein) But she is not looking for them; neither does she remember where she left them. She is not definite about where it is or how she will find them, if at all she finds them. In relation to this comes the other symbols sickness, Hodgkin’s disease, and ‘a bad itch on my leg.’ These symbols come as the thirst of a daughter to find a deep relation and solace in the father. Even a ‘dreamcoat’ is meaningless to Lisa and without anyone to regard for the subtle but important things, Lisa feels, â€Å"It’s stupid. I was second best at the dance recital, so they gave me this thing. It’s stupid.† (Wendy Wasserstein) These are symbols in series all of which denotes the i nner wish of the daughter to find the cares of her father. Once the father is aware of this inner need in his daughter, she says, â€Å"my foot doesn’t itch anymore.† (Wendy Wasserstein) And at the recognition from the father, Lisa says, â€Å"I think I see my leg warmers.† (Wendy Wasserstein) Thus, the powerful use of these symbols proves the role of symbolism and its effect in literature. Obviously, there are many other symbols and images that create in the minds of the readers colorful designs of the theme that the author works out through the play. Ultimately, all these work in the best illustration of the modern situation through the symbols and images. The value-free culture of the modern world and the decline in relation of the modern families is, admittedly, the aim of the playwright in Tender Offer and which better tool other than symbolism could help the author in this effort? Therefore, we can safely conclude that Wendy Wasserstein’s one act play proves the power of symbolism as a literary tool and there would be no doubt about the craftsmanship of the playwright, especially with the use of symbolism. Works Cited Wendy Wasserstein: Reading. Tender Offer. 7 Dec. 2007 http://highered.mcgraw-hill.com/sites/dl/free/0073124265/322267/wasserstein_reading.html. A Literary Lexicon. 7 Dec. 2007 http://condor.depaul.edu/~dsimpson/awtech/lexicon.html. We Are Wlling to Help You! Rely on Us Today! There is really no reason you should delay the decision to buy essays papers. You could use the same time to place the order and complete other works. Remember; too much thinking and no action gets you nowhere. Now place the order.

Paper 1

Paper 1 Paper 1 Lana Georges Mr. Bronsted ENC 1102 22 January 2105 Sex and Power â€Å"Female Chauvinist Pigs† by Ariel Levy is a compelling piece of writing composed in the point of view of a feminist. It presents the argument that women are altering their perspectives to relate to those of a man in order to become more successful in the world. Levy creatively provides multiple accounts of â€Å"loophole women,† women that play by men’s rules to gain power, to show the way that women have become more than accepting of raunch culture, a culture of ideas that include strippers, Playboy, and Juggies. These are the women that Levy is referring to as the Female Chauvinist Pigs (FCP), those who think and act â€Å"not like other women† but instead â€Å"like a man.† The existence of Female Chauvinist Pigs can be attributed to previously strong societal traditions, however, the world has made some progress and women can and need to embrace their femininity to become successful using their own set of skills. In order to t horoughly show how the Female Chauvinist Pigs feel about themselves and others, Levy presents the accounts of multiple people’s thoughts on topics such as raunch culture and loophole women. She talks to three women, Sherry, Anyssa, and Rachel, who collectively accept the idea of the FCP and embody its practices. For example, they â€Å"share a taste for raunch: Maxim, porn, Howard Stern, Playboy, you name it,† (269) and view strippers as being sexually liberated. They also show a disdain for girly-girls, women that are overly fixated on their feminine appearance. Levy includes, â€Å"The task then is to simultaneously show that you are not the same as the girly-girls†¦but that you approve of men’s appreciation for them, and that possibly you too have some of that sexy energy and underwear underneath all your aggression and wit† (270). To truly be seen as a Female Chauvinist Pig, a woman has to be able to take in all these factors and use them for her benefit. Though chauvinistic ideas have much improved since earlier days, women are still perceived as slightly lesser than men. Levy writes, â€Å"But if you are the exception that proves the rule, and the rule is that women are inferior, you haven't made any progress† (278). This seems to be making the argument that if a woman shies away from the ideas of true feminism, then she hasn’t â€Å"made any progress† in overcoming the negative judgments that society has portrayed against women. Going back in history, it can be seen that society has had a tradition of viewing the male species as the more dominant one while their female counterparts were made to play a docile and submissive role. Due to the fact that this idea had been instilled all around the world for centuries, it seems to be almost difficult for people now to fully embrace the notion that women are not inferior to men. History has played an immense role in the creation of the Female Chauvinist Pig. Along with the previous power division between genders, general characteristics such as confidence and leadership are still correlated with being those of a man and therefore the idea of the Female Chauvinist Pig is reinforced. Levy states, â€Å"Women who’ve wanted to be perceived as powerful have long found it more efficient to identify with men than to try and elevate the entire female sex to their level† (268). FCPs accomplish this by embodying the ideologies of men and disregarding their feminine side, which proves the point that women are still seen as inferior. Becoming an FCP can be seen as an alternative road to success as women are acting in the way that the people in charge would want them to act. Levy compares this to â€Å"acting like a cartoon man†¦ or acting like a cartoon woman† (274). Multiple women have become rather successful using this method, such as Sheila Nevins, who worked in HBO. She was into raunch culture and could identify with m en, allowing herself to gain power and a higher position. However, it should be known that leadership skills are not a

Terrorist Organisation Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Terrorist Organisation - Essay Example They usually term their terrorist movement as a national liberation movement and spare no effort to attract the attention of the world leaders to their cause. A great deal of success has been obtained by the subscribers to this form of terrorism. It can be asserted that the greatest number of benefits have been attained by its adherents. Such terrorists are very careful in regulating the amount of violence and destruction caused by their attacks, whose purpose is to obtain benefits without antagonizing or losing the goodwill of its supporters in the international community. Most of the terrorist groups that indulge in this form of terrorism are voluble in claiming that they should be designated as freedom fighters and not terrorists3. The most dangerous advocates of terrorism are religious terrorists. This is due to the fact that they resort to murderous attacks on innocent people in order to spread fear. The objective of these terrorists is to promote their own brand of religion and they sincerely believe that what they do has divine sanction. Their attacks are aimed at all those who do not subscribe to their beliefs. Due to this fact every person who does not follow their religious commands is at great danger from these fanatics4. Some of the religious terrorist groups are the Al Qaeda of Osama bin Laden, the Hamas which consists of Palestinian Sunni Muslims, the Shiite Muslim group of the Hezbollah in Lebanon, the Rabbi Meir Kahane organizations, the Baruch Goldstein of Israel and the Japanese Aum Shinrikyo5. At times a country's government will offer covert help to terrorists, this constitutes state sponsored terrorism. This constitutes a very effective foreign policy tool that is "a cost-effective way of waging war covertly, through the use of surrogate warriors or 'guns for hire'."6 Such terrorists are very effective, in comparison to other terrorists. This is due to the fact that such terrorists have vastly superior weapons, supplies, logistic support and access to up to date intelligence reports. The aim of the so called left-wing terrorists is to replace capitalism with communism. In comparison to the religious and state sponsored terrorists, their attacks on the general civilian population are very limited. This is due to the fact that these terrorists sincerely believe that the common man is the victim of the capitalists. Not surprisingly, these terrorists restrict their activities to kidnappings and destruction of monuments. Some of these left - wing groups are the German Baader - Meinhof, the Japanese Red Army, the USA's Weathermen of the 1970's, the 17 November group of Greece and the Italian Red Brigade7. A vast change has taken place in the field of terrorism. The previous instances of terrorism were mainly of the state sponsored type. Of late, as has been succinctly pointed out by Simon and Benjamin, religious terrorism has captured center stage. This variety of terrorism is independent of any country and is thereby not restricted by any country as to the amount and nature of violence that it can wreak on the general populace. In order to cause the maximum possible harm, these terrorists continually seek to procure weapons of mass destruction. The damage

Capitalism, Socialism, and Keynesian Economics Essay

Capitalism, Socialism, and Keynesian Economics - Essay Example They set out a plan that would see them complete their work within the scheduled time, and even promised a $300 bonus if the work was completed early enough. This was to act as a motivation to all members. However, Parker seemed to dislike the way Millar did his work and was always shouting at him. Instead of looking for ways of making things work, Parker always used an angry tone when addressing Millar. Rather than use silent authority, parker chose to assert his authority by vocally challenging Millar in front of the rest of the works. When forming a team, the norms and dynamics that control the way people interact will create a better ability to discuss counterproductive norms that could derail the team’s efforts (McShane and Steen, 2012). Parker did not dwell on this, and that meant that the path-goal leadership style he chose to use was not as effective as he thought it could be. He was not supportive and that meant he would have to push people rather than persuade them to achieve their goals so as to meet their personal needs. Parker did not create a team that had cohesive outcomes enough to meet their needs and remain active members. He was not willing to let Talbot assist Millar even after he offered. Parker exhibited a task-oriented behavior that meant he would assign specific tasks and ensure that all employees follow the rules as stipulated. He should input some people-oriented behaviors to help gain the trust of the employees and receive maximum cooperation from them. To handle this case conclusively, there ought to be some sobriety. Conflict resolution requires the participation of all members as opposed to the feeling that one of the members is superior or above the law. The organizational culture in the organization will also determine the success of this conflict resolution process. This is because employees must trust the process before committing to it. Millar has not worked for Arctic again since this conflict

CRJS 205 Introduction to Criminal Law Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

CRJS 205 Introduction to Criminal Law - Essay Example The client in this context is a victim of a sexual assault and she can sue the offender. However, the decisions (jail term and damages) that will be made by the jury in the criminal and civil courts will depend on the state’s statutory rape laws. When a client decides not sue the offender, the sex crime kit is usually kept for a certain period within which the victim can report to the law enforcement. In West Virginia, the sex crime kit or the evidence is stored for 18 months if the victim does not initiate an investigation. However, after 18 months the evidence is destroyed or used for research purposes or used for training; this is done after the removal of identifying information (West Virginia Foundation for Rape Information and Services [WV-FRIS], 2008). It is important to note that evidence is required if the victim desires to sue the offender. If the client has evidence, she can sue the offender for sexual assault of the first degree if sexual intercourse and bodily harm were inflicted or sexual assault of the second degree is only sexual intercourse occurred. If found guilty of first-degree sexual assault, the offender can be â€Å"imprisoned in the penitentiary between 15 and 35 years or imprisoned in the penitentiary between 15 and 35 years and fined between $1,000 and $10,000† (The Lectric Law Library, 2012). If found guilty of second-degree sexual assault, the offender can be jailed in the prison between 10 and 25 years or jailed in the prison between 10 and 25 years accompanied with a fine between $1,000 and $10,000 (The Lectric Law Library, 2012). In addition to criminal prosecution, the victim can file a civil suit with the help of a private attorney in a Civil Court. If the victim wins the civil lawsuit, the court orders the attacker to pay money for the damages caused (the damages include loss of income, suffering, pain, and medical expenses). Punitive damages are also available if the victim does

Co-Occurring Disorders and Behavioral Health Services

Co-Occurring Disorders and Behavioral Health Services Jasmina Vuksanovic Co-Occurring Disorders and Behavioral Health Services Co-occurring disorders exist â€Å"when at least one disorder of each type can be established independent of the other and is not simply a cluster of symptoms resulting from a single disorder.†1 It has also been defined as the co-occurrence of â€Å"two or more psychiatric disorders.†2 Depending on the disorders involved, comorbidity may be homotypic, which involves disorders from the same diagnostic group, such as alcohol use and drug use, or heterotypic, which involves disorders from different diagnostic groups, such as alcohol use and depression.2 Prevalence and Demographic Factors Major depressive disorder (MDD) is one of the most prevalent mental disorders in the United States, affecting approximately 6.7% of U.S adults each year.3 Alcohol use disorder (AUD), defined as both alcoholism and harmful drinking, is also prevalent in the United States and often co-occurs with MDD. AUD affects approximately 17 million Americans each year.4 Although research has not established a definitive etiological risk factor for both MDD and AUD, there are several proposed theories as to the association between these two disorders. Studies have shown that depressive symptoms may emerge during periods of heavy drinking and withdrawal.5 Continued heavy alcohol use may be a precursor to stressful life events, which in turn increases the risk of depression.5 Conversely, individuals battling depression are likely to drink heavily in order to cope with the depression, which in turn increases the risk of developing AUD.5 Among those with AUD, women have higher depression than men, as do Whites, compared to racial and/or ethnic minorities.5 In the general population, alcohol dependent men have a 24.3% lifetime prevalence of major depression, whereas alcohol dependent women have a 48.5% lifetime prevalence of major depression.5 In clinical samples, the lifetime rates of co-occurrence for women range from 50% to 70%.5 Co-occurrence of AUD a nd MDD is also associated with increased morbidity, mortality, functional impairment, and risk of suicide.6 Another co-occurring disorder of interest is schizophrenia and substance use disorder. Schizophrenia is a chronic illness associated with hallucinations and disorganized behavior, while the most common substances of abuse are alcohol, cannabis, and cocaine.1 Schizophrenia affects approximately 1% of Americans, and approximately 50% of individuals diagnosed with schizophrenia also suffer from a co-occurring substance use disorder.7 When compared to individuals who suffer from schizophrenia only, dually diagnosed individuals have lower adherence to treatment, increased risk of HIV, higher hospitalization rates, are more prone to violent behavior, and are more likely to commit suicide.7 Schizophrenia runs in the family. If one parent has schizophrenia, the risk of a child developing the disorder is 13%; if both parents have schizophrenia, the risk increases to 46%.8 Schizophrenia does not discriminate and affects men and women equally. Symptoms often begin between the ages of 16 and 30 and does not commonly occur in children or adults older than 45 years.8 Additionally, individuals diagnosed with schizophrenia and a substance use disorder often experience onset earlier in their life than do those who suffer from schizophrenia only.8 Service Delivery Barriers and Strategies to Overcome These Barriers The fragmented health care system poses a huge barrier for individuals seeking care for co-occurring disorders. Due to this fragmentation, patients are not able to receive comprehensive and coordinated care for addiction services and mental health care. Of those struggling with co-occurring disorders, â€Å"8.5 % of individuals receive treatment for both disorders; 38.4 % receive treatment for one or the other disorder; and 53 % receive no treatment at all.†1 One strategy for overcoming this barrier is by integrating mental and physical health care delivery. Combining mental and physical health funds to pay for services would not only increase access to coordinated care, but it would streamline the coding and billing process through the use of common codes. It would also create a network of mental and physical health providers, who would all be responsible for well-being of each patient, thus encouraging coordinated care. A second barrier is the stigma associated with mental illness, which impedes help seeking. This barrier can be combated by educating patients about the resources available for treatment and the overall importance of a healthy mind and body. Businesses should do more to educate employees about mental health benefits, as many may not be familiar with them. Establishing behavioral health clinics, such as the WestBridge Clinic, would provide the compassionate care many individuals with co-occurring disorders are in need of and would likely encourage these individuals to seek treatment. A third barrier is one that is faced by Medicare patients as same day separate billing for mental health and medical care is not covered under Medicare.†1 With the oncoming demographic shift, this segment of the population cannot be ignored. Though this is a more difficult barrier to overcome, policy changes should be made to ensure the elderly have access to mental health services in the primary care setting. Increasing the scope of practice for clinical staff may be a feasible strategy for overcoming this barrier. Implications for Behavioral Health Throughout this course we have learned that organizational leaders and clinical staff must exhibit a certain level of commitment to providing quality care in order to effectively treat dually diagnosed individuals. As we see look at Accountable Care Organizations, the benefits of coordinated care become even more apparent. The ACA shifts the focus to evidence-based practices, which will become integral for more effective treatment and improvement in service delivery of co-occurring disorders. Adequate screening methods and health assessments by primary care providers are the first step in the treatment and recovery process1 and will undoubtedly lead to improved detection rates and treatment of dually diagnosed individuals. It is essential for clinicians to understand the epidemiology of all disorders a person is suffering from to ensure correct and effective treatment is received. Service delivery can be expected to improve with an increase in more knowledgeable clinical staff. Clini cians must be knowledgeable about possible interaction of the two disorders and how both can be treated, rather than just one. However, as long as stigma continues to surround the topic of mental health, there will continue to be hesitation by mentally ill individuals to seek treatment. As a society, we must take the necessary steps and encourage help seeking by those suffering from a mental illness.   References Levin BL, Hennessy KD, Petrila J (Eds.).Mental Health Services: A Public Health  Perspective, Third Edition.New York: Oxford University Press; 2010. Falk D, Yi H, Hiller-Sturmhofel S. An epidemiologic analysis of co-occurring alcohol and  drug use and disorders. Alcohol Research Health. 2008; 31(2): 100-110. National Institute of Mental Health. Available online at  http://www.nimh.nih.gov/health/topics/depression/index.shtml. Accessed February 19 2014. National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism. Available online at  http://www.niaaa.nih.gov/alcohol-health/overview-alcohol-consumption/alcohol-facts-and-statistics. Accessed February 19 2014. Conner KR, Pinquart M, Gamble SA. Meta analysis of depression and substance use among  individuals with alcohol use disorders. Journal of Substance Abuse Treatment. 2009; 37: 127-137. Riper H, Andersson G, Hunter SB, et al. Treatment of comorbid alcohol use disorders and  depression with cognitive-behavioural therapy and motivational interviewing: a meta-analysis. Addiction. 2013; 109: 394–406. Green AI, Noordsy DL, Brunette MF, et al. Substance abuse and schizophrenia:  Pharmacotherapeutic intervention. Journal of Substance Abuse Treatment. 2008; 34: 61– 71. National Institute of Mental Health. Available online at  http://www.nimh.nih.gov/health/topics/schizophrenia/index.shtml. Accessed February 19 2014. QUESTION #3 Is Mental Health a Public Health Issue? Among U.S. adults age 18 years and older, an estimated 26 percent suffer from a diagnosable mental disorder each year, and for young adults, mental disorders are the leading cause of disability.1 Mental illness also bears a heavy burned on the global economy. The WHO estimates that 14% of the global disease burden is attributable to mental illness.2 Among the twenty most significant causes of disease burden worldwide are depression (3rd), alcohol use disorder (7th), bipolar disorder (12th), schizophrenia (14th), and substance abuse disorders (20th).2 Compared to all health expenditures, mental health and substance abuse expenditures have been decreasing since 1986, and are estimated to account for 6.9% of the nation’s health care expenditures in 2014.3 Mental illness increases the risk of developing a physical illness, communicable and non-communicable disease, and intentional and unintentional injury.2 To decrease prevalence of mental illness and its adverse effects on overall health of individuals, it is necessary to integrate mental health service delivery into the nation’s public health system. The public health system encompasses a broad array of topics, which creates opportunities for integration of mental health services through community education, epidemiologic surveys, health screening and assessment, ensuring adequate access to care, identifying risk factors and determinants of health, focusing on prevention and early intervention, and promoting sharing of information among health care providers.3 Traditionally, mental and physical health have been treated in two separate service delivery systems. However, majority of adults diagnosed with a mental disorder to not seek treatment, and those who do, seek treatment within the primary care sector, rather than a specialty behavioral health care sector.3 Integration of the mental and physical service delivery systems leads to better health outcomes in primary care, home health care, and long-term care setting, as well as increased mental health care access, rates of treatment, improved treatment adherence, enhanced clinical and functional outcomes, and greater cost-effectiveness.3 Among older adults suffering from depression, integration of physical and mental health services has shown a decrease in health care dollars spent on care, improved survival, and improved quality of life.1Among individuals suffering from substance abuse disorders, integrated care leads to lower â€Å"hospitalization rates, inpatient days, emergency room u se, and medical costs.†3 One example of an integrated health care delivery system is the Veterans Health Administration, the nation’s largest integrated health care system. Zeiss identified five key reasons for this integration. First, patients prefer to receive mental health care in the same setting as primary care, as they are most familiar and comfortable with their primary care provider.4 Second, primary care providers often fail to diagnose or misdiagnose a mental illness, especially in older patients who may have other health conditions.4 Integrating care can increase detection and accuracy of diagnosis. Third, patients are more likely to seek treatment for a mental illness when a diagnosis is determined in primary care and when care is available in the primary care setting.4 Of importance is the difficulty of primary care referral to mental health providers.4 Studies have shown an astounding 75% of patients fail to follow through with the referral and therefore do not get the mental health trea tment, whereas 90% receive treatment when it is provided by the primary care provider.4 Fourth, integrated care allows for information sharing among providers. Of highest importance is information relating to the patient’s diagnosis and treatment options. It allows both health providers to provide ongoing care and treatment to the patient, without overlap of information, or exchange of misinformation among the providers. Fifth, screening for mental illness in the primary care setting may lead to reduction in the stigmatization of mental illness as it will be viewed as one of many steps of a health assessment provided to all primary care patients.4 These findings have been echoed through other studies, as we have learned throughout the course of the semester. Implications for Behavioral Health Mental illness affects a significant proportion of the U.S. population and the importance of efficient treatment cannot be understated. Integrating mental health services into the traditional public health delivery system and increasing collaboration and information sharing among providers of different disciplines is a key aspect of delivering holistic care. Through course lectures, reading assignments, and videos, we have learned that populations at higher risk of developing a mental illness are more likely to delay treatment, or not seek treatment at all, receive lower quality care, and have higher rates of co-occurring illness and morbidity. The traditional health care model emphasizes preventive care and early treatment, which must be a primary focus for mental health services as well, in order to keep the population healthy, lower the prevalence of mental illness, and maintain an affordable health care system. The number of mental health facilities and organizations providing me ntal health services and treatment has decreased from 3,942 in 1990 to 3,130 in 2008,1 thus the need for integration is essential. In order to create a holistic healthcare system, we must break down the existing barriers between the mental and physical health care delivery sectors. References Levin BL. Week #3 Lecture: Mental Health Systems.2014. 1-11. Levin BL. Week #2 Lecture: Epidemiologic, Historical, Legislative Perspectives.2014: 4-  15. Levin BL, Hennessy KD, Petrila J (Eds.).Mental Health Services: A Public Health  Perspective, Third Edition.New York: Oxford University Press; 2010. Zeiss AM, Karlin BE. Integrating mental health and primary care services in the Department of  Veterans Affairs health care system. Journal of Clinical Psychology in Medical Settings. 2008; 15:73–78.

Holden Caufield from The Catcher In the Rye :: essays papers

Holden Caufield from The Catcher In the Rye A family can be classified as one of many things. It can be a group of people living under one roof; a group of people of common ancestry; or even a unit of a crime syndicate like the Mafia (Merriam Webster). But to Holden Caulfield, the main character of J.D. Salinger’s novel The Catcher In The Rye, his family was what we as a society normally think of when that word is spoken. There are always variations on a theme, but a typical family consists of two parents and at least one child. During the 1950’s when the novel is set, adoption was virtually unheard of and divorce could be considered a sin where as today these are common practices. But one thing about family that has prevailed through the decades is the family’s affect on a person’s existence. The way a person interacts with their family can affect them for the rest of their lives. And the way a family interacts with a specific person can affect that person for the rest of their life. It is a two way relationship which is often complicated and confusing, especially to Holden. Holden’s family is obviously very important to him. The novel opens with talking about his parents and his brother. Holden negatively criticizes them to hide the fact that he truly loves them. But, one would ask, how can you love those you never see? Holden is constantly being shipped from one boarding school to another. This absence between him and his parents intensifies his general alienation from everyone. Holden’s only real love in the family is for his sister Phoebe. The bond and respect between brother and sister can not be broken no matter how far the distance between them. When Holden arrives back in New York, he immediately wanted to call someone; his sister Phoebe. "She wouldn’t’ve cared if I’d woke her up†¦" (Salinger 59) Many people her age would not appreciate being woken up that late at night, especially by their brother, but there is a mutual respect between Phoebe and Holden that would allow for this event to occur. Throu gh out the whole novel, this relationship continues because she is his little sister and he would never hurt her. In today’s world, this type of relationship is next to impossible.

Parle G

Parle G The following case study is from the Richard Ivey School of Business. It is about the development of a leading Indian biscuit manufacturer, called Parle Products Pvt. Ltd. Company overview The company was found in 1929 as a candy manufacturer and started producing biscuits in 1939. At this time only few processed and ready-to-eat food items were available. Parle G are glucose biscuits and the company’s flag brand. It became the largest selling biscuit brand by volume in 2002.The company was using a mass market strategy which is why the price of the Parle G biscuits has maintained 1$ per Kilo since 1990. In 2009 the company had 74% of the market shares of the Indian glucose biscuit category. The biscuits were sold in 2. 5 million outlets. Other brands of Parle Products Pvt. Ltd. are Marie in the tea time category and Hide n Seek and five other brands in the premium category. In 2008/2009 the company recorded sales revenues of INR35 billion. 68 percent came from Parle G. The company is known all over India for offering high value for a low price (value for money).The products are available in India, Bangladesh and South Africa because the company had adopted a â€Å"follow the costumer† strategy in order to maintain low marketing costs. The two main target groups are 5-14 year old children and their mothers next to institutions. Until 1992 there was only little competition in the sector when Surya Food & Agro Limited entered the market. From 1999 on several companies such as Britannia Industries Ltd. and Hindustan Unilever Ltd. also entered the market because of the high potential in the premium category due to the change of income in Indian households.Problem statement Since 2004 the company had to deal with rising costs of the two main raw materials – sugar and wheat. In 2004 the company tried to raise the prices of its most popular product the 100g packet by 12. 5%. Within 6 month the sales dropped by more than 40%. In 2008 the raw material prices raised again. The management decided to do a hidden raise in price by reducing the weight of the 100g package slowly to 82. 5g without losing high sales. In 2009 the margin from Parle G had fallen from 15 to 10% of the revenue within the last 18 years, which is why Parle G needs a new strategy.The consumers’ perception was rooted so strongly in the low price that it was undermining other product attributes such as quality and taste. This made it impossible to raise the price. The company tried to deal with this problem by changing to a cheaper packaging material and dealing directly with the raw material deliverers. Alternatives There are several approaches to restore the margins to minimum 15% of the revenues again. To evaluate the different strategies two criteria have been selected – costs and time.One approach would be repositioning the brand as a qualitatively high and tasty product for which the costumers do not mind spending more money on. This strategy would be cost intensive and would take at least 12 – 18 month to see the first results. The brand also exists since 1939 which is why it would be very difficult to change people’s prescription of the brand. Therefore it is not the best strategy at this moment. The second strategy could be introducing product variations like for example with different flavours which can be sold for 20 – 25% more expensive than the normal Parle G.The costs for this would be high because of the different researches that have to be conducted, the increasing production costs and the upcoming marketing costs. It would take 6 – 12 month to introduce a new product. This is why this strategy is also not ideal. The third strategy is offering one more brand in the premium category because of the increasing demand in this sector. The fact that Parle Products Pvt. Ltd. already offers 6 brands in the premium category, as well as the high costs of research, production and marke ting are the reason to dismiss this idea.It would also again take 6 – 12 month to introduce the new product which is why a better strategy needs to be found. Plan of Action Another approach would be offering only 4 or 5 instead of 12 different price categories to safe packaging costs. The costs for this action would be very low compared to the other strategies. The time this strategy needs would also be short which is why this a very good short term approach. In order to also find a long term strategy the idea of exporting into more than 2 countries should be reconsidered. A brand can only grow to a certain point f it does not become an international brand. Parle G is at the point where it is no longer enough to only sell within India, Bangladesh and South Africa. The company has to expand in countries with a high amount of Indian citizens, low competition and an increasing demand in biscuits. Therefore several researches have to be conducted because this measure is very cost ly and also very time intensive. But it is necessary for Parle Products Pvt. Ltd. to become a global player in order to restore the margins to minimum 15% of the revenues again and to secure company growth within the next 15 – 20 years.Therefore both criteria time and money can be neglected. The best course of action is changing the offers from 12 to 4 price categories starting within the next 10 – 14 days as a short term plan. The long term plan is exporting Parle G into at least 3 different countries within the next 15 month and 10 countries within the next 3 years. The company should try to conquer the institutional sectors first by offering at least 5-7% discount on bulk purchases at the beginning and create a demand within the rest of the population (pull-concept).

Free Essays on Terri Schiavo

What happened to Terri? On March 31, 2005 at 9:05 a.m., a forty one year old woman, by the name of Teresa (Terri) Marie Schiavo died after her fifteen year struggle to live. The death of Ms. Schiavo became very political and controversial because of the court order finally being implemented to remove her feeding tube. Yes, at one point in time, Ms. Schiavo was a beautiful, healthy, and energetic human being. She could perform tasks by herself and was able to care for herself. She did, although, have an eating disorder. In 1990, she suddenly collapsed with brain damage and fell into a persistent vegetative state because of an unknown potassium deficiency and could no longer perform tasks or take care of herself. Who has ever heard of someone collapsing from a heart attack due to a potassium deficiency? From 1990 to 2005, there had been a major legal court battle on the removal of her feeding tube. On April 24, 2001, Terri’s tube was removed for the first time but re-inserted two days later. The second time her tube was removed was on October 15, 2003 and also re-inserted six days later; but on March 18, 2005, her tube was finally removed for good (www.miami.edu/ethics/schiavo/timeline.htm). America helplessly watched as she starved to death thirteen days later. During her death and still today, many Americans are torn because of her case. Was the court wrong for having the tube removed? How is it morally right for the court system to have the power to save or kill handicapped people? Does religion have a side on the preserving of life in Terri’s case? Is it technology’s responsibility for keeping alive a human being that is incapable of living independently? These are very tough questions that are difficult to answer, and result in great controversy, but in the end it was wrong for the court to remove her feeding tube and kill a handicapped person. Martinez, 2 The court was wrong for having the tube removed and it is unmora... Free Essays on Terri Schiavo Free Essays on Terri Schiavo What happened to Terri? On March 31, 2005 at 9:05 a.m., a forty one year old woman, by the name of Teresa (Terri) Marie Schiavo died after her fifteen year struggle to live. The death of Ms. Schiavo became very political and controversial because of the court order finally being implemented to remove her feeding tube. Yes, at one point in time, Ms. Schiavo was a beautiful, healthy, and energetic human being. She could perform tasks by herself and was able to care for herself. She did, although, have an eating disorder. In 1990, she suddenly collapsed with brain damage and fell into a persistent vegetative state because of an unknown potassium deficiency and could no longer perform tasks or take care of herself. Who has ever heard of someone collapsing from a heart attack due to a potassium deficiency? From 1990 to 2005, there had been a major legal court battle on the removal of her feeding tube. On April 24, 2001, Terri’s tube was removed for the first time but re-inserted two days later. The second time her tube was removed was on October 15, 2003 and also re-inserted six days later; but on March 18, 2005, her tube was finally removed for good (www.miami.edu/ethics/schiavo/timeline.htm). America helplessly watched as she starved to death thirteen days later. During her death and still today, many Americans are torn because of her case. Was the court wrong for having the tube removed? How is it morally right for the court system to have the power to save or kill handicapped people? Does religion have a side on the preserving of life in Terri’s case? Is it technology’s responsibility for keeping alive a human being that is incapable of living independently? These are very tough questions that are difficult to answer, and result in great controversy, but in the end it was wrong for the court to remove her feeding tube and kill a handicapped person. Martinez, 2 The court was wrong for having the tube removed and it is unmora...

Free Essays on Crow Dog

â€Å"Civilize Them with a Stick† Times were very rough for the Native American Indians during the early 1900’s. Author Mary Crow Dog; a native American, tried to paint a vivid picture of some of the trials and tribulations that she underwent or heard about while she attended boarding school. Ms. Crow Dog tries to help readers better understand what she and many generations of Native Americans endured while attending St. Francis boarding school; which is located in South Dakota. She clearly stated that her mother and grandmother were not exempt from the harsh punishments given by the boarding school. Some of the same things that were going on at the school when Crow Dog was attending happened when her mother and grandmother attended the school, sometimes they were even worse. In the selection Civilize them with a Stick by Mary Crow Dog, she writes about a group of people who feel they have the right to tell others what to do. The oppressors in her story believe their ways to be superior and do not care how to achieve the end result, as long as it is achieved. The Catholic nuns in the story believe themselves to be qualified to rule over and change the Native Americans sent to their school. Mary Crow Dog writes Wesley 2 about her experiences in a Catholic school. She explains how religion was forced down her throat in an attempt to socialize Indians into an Anglo way of life. However, Crow Dog did everything she could do to not fall into the Anglo way of life. Ms. Crow Dog stated that presently the school is run by the B.I.A. (Bureau of Indian Affairs). While on the other hand when she was attending the school the more strict church ran it. She plainly stated that they were quickly beaten if they failed their Devotions or if they prayed the wrong way. She also goes on to say that they were treated like dogs, but instead she considered herself as a wild cat that couldn’t be tamed. Crow Dog was very rebellious as a c... Free Essays on Crow Dog Free Essays on Crow Dog â€Å"Civilize Them with a Stick† Times were very rough for the Native American Indians during the early 1900’s. Author Mary Crow Dog; a native American, tried to paint a vivid picture of some of the trials and tribulations that she underwent or heard about while she attended boarding school. Ms. Crow Dog tries to help readers better understand what she and many generations of Native Americans endured while attending St. Francis boarding school; which is located in South Dakota. She clearly stated that her mother and grandmother were not exempt from the harsh punishments given by the boarding school. Some of the same things that were going on at the school when Crow Dog was attending happened when her mother and grandmother attended the school, sometimes they were even worse. In the selection Civilize them with a Stick by Mary Crow Dog, she writes about a group of people who feel they have the right to tell others what to do. The oppressors in her story believe their ways to be superior and do not care how to achieve the end result, as long as it is achieved. The Catholic nuns in the story believe themselves to be qualified to rule over and change the Native Americans sent to their school. Mary Crow Dog writes Wesley 2 about her experiences in a Catholic school. She explains how religion was forced down her throat in an attempt to socialize Indians into an Anglo way of life. However, Crow Dog did everything she could do to not fall into the Anglo way of life. Ms. Crow Dog stated that presently the school is run by the B.I.A. (Bureau of Indian Affairs). While on the other hand when she was attending the school the more strict church ran it. She plainly stated that they were quickly beaten if they failed their Devotions or if they prayed the wrong way. She also goes on to say that they were treated like dogs, but instead she considered herself as a wild cat that couldn’t be tamed. Crow Dog was very rebellious as a c...

Critical Thinking Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words - 1

Critical Thinking - Essay Example She made a decision and took action as a result of the decision. She immediately reported to the HR the flaw of the system and Tanya’s behavior. In my case, I took a stand when my I saw my classmate cheating in one of our exams during middle school. Although that classmate is a neighbor, I reported it to our teacher. The issue is cheating during examinations. My classmate used a small piece of paper that contained facts about the exam. I immediately called the attention of the teacher during the examination by writing on my test paper about what I saw. There was a need to suspend judgment for a few minutes before I told the teacher since I had to be certain that she was really cheating. Nevertheless, the decision to turn her in was deliberate since it would be unfair for the rest of the class to let her cheat since we all studied for the difficult exam. My position then was purely logical, we get what we deserve so I was just being objective. My advocacy then was not about honesty, it was all about reward for hard work. My action is a consequence of my decision to not tolerate cheating during examination since we all need to study to get the grade we deserve. Tama, M.C. (1989). Critical thinking: Promoting it in the classroom. Retrieved March 4, 2010 from Indiana University, Clearinghouse on Reading, English, & Communication Web site:

Impact of culture on international marketing Essay

Impact of culture on international marketing - Essay Example While globalisation was bringing in a radical economic change the globe over it was perhaps gradually contributing to the design of an international bond by unfastening the intra national social bonds primarily in terms of opening marketing interfaces to cultures across the world resulting in comprehension and exchange of elements from other cultures. Thus economic forces enabled international marketing to get energized and, which in turn, set in the challenging assignment of making commercial sense out of cultures to which wares were marketed. Devetak and Higgott explain how globalisation has brought about a weakening of an intra national social bond. They further posit that ongoing process of globalisation causes constant disruption in existing social bond. It is their view that "under conditions of globalisation, assumptions made about the social bond are changing; .... the article concludes that the prospects for a satisfactory synthesis of a liberal economic theory of globalisat ion, a normative political theory of the global public domain, and a new social bond are remote"(Devetak & Higgott 1999). Again, in a slightly different context, Phillip W.Jones makes a statement which is extremely relevant to the definition of globalisation in present context. Jones states that," The logic of globalisation contrasts markedly with that of internationalism. The latter, with its intrinsically democratic foundation, looks to a world ordered by structures supportive of that functionalism which is embedded in accountability. Globalisation, by contrast, implies few logical imperatives in favour of accountability, but rather looks to the pursuit of interest on the global level through the operation of unfettered capitalism"(Jones,1998).According to Jones view international marketing efforts in new cultural milieu would fall in the category of 'globalisation' as defined by him. However multinational corporations take a broader view of their international marketing efforts and venture in new international markets only after completing a thorough study of local cultures. New technological develo pments, improvements in communication, growth in transnational infrastructure and liberalizing of trade and capital flows have enabled entrepreneurs the globe over to deploy and run their capitals chasing markets the globe over. The globalisation aligned attitudes of IMF and World Bank are exemplified with clarity by Jean-Claude Trichet, President of the European Central Bank, when he says that," The key aim of today's policy makers has not changed compared to those at the Bretton Woods times - it has been, and still is, global prosperity and stability - but the environment in which we are acting has changed profoundly......Today we are striving for stability of the international financial system in a world of free capital flows with a growing importance of private flows and increasing trade and financial integration"(Trichet, 2004). As Roby says," world-wide output and trade have grown apace with market openings and the rise of efficient global business networks these past 15 years. An entrepreneurial class is energizing once-stagnant command economies" (Roby, 2005). It is at once apparent that this 'entrepreneurial class' is essentially limited in number the globe over. They also have limited spheres of influence. Consider for instance, the